In basketball, the term “bonus” refers to a situation in which a team has accumulated a certain number of team fouls during a quarter or half, leading to the opposing team being awarded free throws.
Here’s how it typically works:
1. Team Foul Limit: In professional basketball leagues like the NBA or NCAA, each team is allowed a limited number of team fouls before they enter the “bonus” situation. In the NBA, once a team commits 4 team fouls in a quarter, the opposing team is awarded free throws on all subsequent non-shooting fouls. In NCAA basketball, the bonus situation occurs after a team commits 7 fouls in a half (known as the “1-and-1” bonus) or 10 fouls (which leads to automatic two free throws).
2. Bonus Free Throws:
– 1-and-1: In some leagues (like NCAA), after a team reaches 7 fouls, the opposing player will have to make the first free throw to earn a second attempt. This is called the “1-and-1” free throw situation.
– Double Bonus: In other cases, such as when a team commits 10 or more fouls in a half (NCAA), the opposing team gets two free throws for every foul, regardless of whether the first shot is made.
Essentially, the bonus creates an incentive for teams to avoid committing too many fouls, as it leads to easy scoring opportunities for the opposing team through free throws.
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