In basketball, there are several violations that can occur during a game. These violations typically result in a turnover, where the opposing team gains possession of the ball. Some of the most common basketball violations include:
1. Traveling: This occurs when a player holding the ball takes too many steps without dribbling. In the NBA and most leagues, a player can take two steps after stopping their dribble, but more than that is considered traveling.
2. Double Dribble: A double dribble happens when a player dribbles the ball, stops, and then starts dribbling again. It’s also considered a violation if a player dribbles with both hands simultaneously.
3. Carrying (or Palming): This violation occurs when a player’s hand goes underneath the ball while dribbling, causing the ball to rest in the hand for a moment. It is considered an illegal dribble.
4. Out of Bounds: When the ball or a player with the ball steps out of the boundaries of the court (the sidelines or the baseline), the ball is awarded to the other team.
5. Goal Tending: This violation occurs when a defensive player interferes with the ball on its way down toward the basket, or if the ball is already on the rim or in the cylinder above the hoop. The basket is awarded if goal-tending occurs.
6. Backcourt Violation: Once the offense has brought the ball past half-court, they are not allowed to pass the ball back into the backcourt (the half of the court they came from). If they do, it’s a backcourt violation.
7. Three-Second Violation: An offensive player is not allowed to stand in the key (the painted area under the basket) for more than three seconds while their team has possession of the ball. This rule encourages movement and prevents players from crowding the paint.
8. Five-Second Violation: A player is not allowed to hold the ball for more than five seconds without either dribbling, passing, or shooting if closely guarded. This rule applies during inbounding situations as well.
9. Ten-Second Violation: The offensive team has 10 seconds to advance the ball past half-court. If they fail to do so, the opposing team is awarded possession.
10. Foul Violations: While fouls are typically categorized separately, they can also lead to violations if certain conditions are met. For example, a player may commit a personal foul while trying to block or steal the ball, or an offensive foul (like a charge) could result in a turnover.
These are the most common violations in basketball, but there are also others like lane violations, illegal screens, and technical fouls, depending on the context. Each violation results in a loss of possession or other penalties for the team at fault.
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